Rationale
Signals and systems is an introduction to analogue signal processing - a topic that forms an integral part of engineering systems in many diverse areas, including seismic data processing, communications, speech processing, image processing, defence electronics, consumer electronics and consumer products.
In this unit, algorithmic access to signals and systems are used so that learners acquire the fundamental knowledge needed in computing, communications, automation, electronics and electrical engineering. The learner will acquire knowledge of the following topics: signals as functions, discrete and continuous signals, basic operations over signals, basic signals, the four Fourier transforms CTFS, CTFT, DTFS and DTFT, as well as the properties of Fourier transforms. Signal reading and digital processing of continuous signals, discrete Fourier transformation, systems as functions, memory systems, linear and time constant systems, convolutional summation and convolution integral, and responses of linear time constant systems are also covered. Finally, portable functions and frequency characteristics, Laplace and z-transformation in the
analysis of time constant systems, model of a system with state variables, and basic structures in realisation of linear systems.
Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this study unit, the learner will be able to:
1. Understand the basic concepts of continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems;
2. Explain and implement signal and system representation in the time and
frequency domains related through the Fourier transform;
3. Explain the concept and representation of the periodic sampling of a CT signal;
4. Discuss the concepts of modulation techniques;
Academic Calendar
https://moodle.mcast.edu.mt/mod/resource/view.php?id=75066
Unit Lecturer
Prof Edward Gatt
Rationale
Learners will gain knowledge on control system technology, starting with control system theory, design and modelling, followed by measurement and data acquisition. More specifically, learners will be taught the filtering and signal conditioning, local sensor networks, actuation for small size automation production processes, solenoids latches, pneumatics, PWM control, small DC motors and driving principles, integrated solutions for actuation. A focus will also be placed on state flow control of automation systems, modelling and practical issues, mechanical transmission in mechatronic systems and small gearboxes. Learners will also be taught about typical control signals and control with feedback and/or feedforward, including linear control algorithms, the design of feedforward control signals for gravity, inertia and friction compensation, practical decomposition of complex control system and the control of decomposed system. Other specific topics will include advanced model-based control of mechatronic systems, technology for intelligent control and fuzzy logic control. Learners will also be introduced to Network Protocol Stacks including: the general requirements, resource sharing, multiplexing, layered network architecture, program interfacing, as well to the ISO/OSI reference model and 5-layer model. This unit will provide knowledge about direct link networks, reliable transmissions and use of automatic repeat request protocols and sliding window algorithm. Learners will be enabled to use Local Area Networks: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3), Wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15) – physical structures, access protocol and operational properties. End-to-end Protocols: Unreliable (UDP) and reliable (TCP) protocols, segment formats, connection establishment and termination, sliding window and adaptive retransmission. This unit also covers domain naming and hierarchies, and embedded systems networks: specific requirements and design issues of embedded systems networks: topologies, protocols, robustness, error handling, as well as synchronous and asynchronous protocols, with examples of embedded systems networks: I2C, SPI, CAN, LIN and the coding of digital data. The work on the basics of network security will include cryptographic algorithms: secret key, public key, message digest; and for security, services will include privacy, authentication, integrity control and non-repudiation. Finally, learners will be able to develop an understanding of the functionality of the hardware and configurable software of control systems and of the design of protection systems with particular reference to IEC standards.
Learning Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this study unit, the learner will be able to:
1. Interpret the basic concepts of control systems;
2. Apply sensors, actuators, and other electromechanical elements to a
mechatronic system and discuss their use and functions;
3. Explain the state flow control of automation systems;
4. Explain the concepts of feedback and feedforward;
5. Create mechatronic control system models based on fuzzy logic;
6. Explain the concepts of networked control systems.
Academic Calendar
https://moodle.mcast.edu.mt/mod/resource/view.php?id=75066
Unit Lecturer
Prof Edward Gatt
The importance of mechatronic system control is emphasised via a holistic approach. We have based
this unit on the concept that a good mechatronic system is one that has a good balance between mechanical complexity and the required processing power. The purpose of the unit is to prepare the learners for a professional career by providing a broad systems engineering base, suited for the engineering of complex embedded (computer controlled) products and systems. This unit studies the two main parts of mechatronic system: mechanics and drives on one side and sensors,
controller and algorithms on the other. Specific cases of linear and rotary movement against different linear or nonlinear loads are presented in every detail to find out where the challenge to controller is. For given examples, further analysis of control architecture is analysed in a complete bundle of DIO, AIO, PWM, Communication, UI. Sample code is analysed and implemented on testbeds. In particular, focus is placed on trajectory generation, PID algorithm, increasing stability margin and improving positioning accuracy. Programmable logic controllers (PLC) and AC drives are given as an alternative solution for a larger-scale of mechatronic system. A case of distributed control will be analysed in detail. Interface of different user interfaces and HMI to microcontrollers and PLCs will be presented along with development tools. Further into the unit, an overview of the key issues for the construction and verification of programmable logic and real-time/embedded systems will be given. Real-time operations and real-time operating systems, concurrent processes, process-to-process communication and synchronisation, interrupt handling, resource allocation, software, instrumentation, processor technology, design and development of programmable logic, simulation and verification will also be covered.
Upon successful completion of this study unit, the learner will be able to:
1. Design and
engage analogue electronics circuitry for a given microcontroller;
2. Implement communication protocols typical for embedded systems;
3. Compile code
to control the position of the one-axis mechatronic system;
4. Demonstrate
the ability to reduce software complexity in order to meet the constraints of
low complexity embedded systems.
Academic Calendar
https://moodle.mcast.edu.mt/mod/resource/view.php?id=75066
Unit Lecturer
Dr Ing. Jeremy Scerri
